{"id":272282,"date":"2022-07-19T15:00:47","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T13:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/?p=272282"},"modified":"2022-07-19T15:02:37","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T13:02:37","slug":"kriza-ekonomike-eksperti-cmimi-i-grurit-pritet-te-rritet-me-40-te-mbeshteten-financiarisht-familjet-e-varfra-te-nxitet-prodhimi-vendas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/kriza-ekonomike-eksperti-cmimi-i-grurit-pritet-te-rritet-me-40-te-mbeshteten-financiarisht-familjet-e-varfra-te-nxitet-prodhimi-vendas\/","title":{"rendered":"Kriza ekonomike, eksperti: \u00c7mimi i grurit pritet t\u00eb rritet me 40%! T\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten financiarisht familjet e varfra, t\u00eb nxitet prodhimi vendas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nga Igli Tola, ekspert ekonomie<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb hynim n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjeje pas pandemis\u00eb, ekonomit\u00eb tona p\u00ebrjetuan val\u00ebn e pasojave t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, shp\u00ebrthimeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb COVID-19 dhe bllokimet n\u00eb shum\u00eb nga qendrat kryesore industriale.<\/p>\n

Dihet se p\u00ebrtej ndikimit t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm humanitar e sanitar t\u00eb konfliktit dhe pasojave t\u00eb vazhdueshme sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore t\u00eb mbarsura nga pandemia, ekonomia dhe mir\u00ebqenia e njer\u00ebzimit do t\u00eb cenohej n\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb. Kjo ka reflektuar n\u00eb rishikimin me r\u00ebnie t\u00eb perspektivave t\u00eb rritjes ekonomike dhe ka ashp\u00ebrsuar presionet inflacioniste mbi mallra e sh\u00ebrbime, kryesisht furnizimet ushqimore.<\/p>\n

Ndikimi i kombinuar i k\u00ebtyre goditjeve n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb v\u00ebmendje me fokus t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm n\u00eb menaxhimin e kriz\u00ebs, nj\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb lart\u00eb nga pasojat dyt\u00ebsore t\u00eb saj dhe nj\u00eb dekurajim t\u00eb investimeve private e publike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, prognozat e institucioneve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare jepnin shpres\u00eb q\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb nivelet e rritjes para COVID-it deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb 2022, t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequra nga Kina, BE dhe SHBA. OECD fliste p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rritje globale 4.5%, ku edhe vendet si i yni, me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta dhe t\u00eb mesme, t\u00eb arrinin nj\u00eb nivel rritjeje t\u00eb parashikuar afro 5.5% deri n\u00eb 2024. Pritshm\u00ebria ishin edhe q\u00eb inflacioni i lart\u00eb t\u00eb ishte prezent p\u00ebr pak koh\u00eb, ku edhe pse do t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohej nga nj\u00eb luhatje rritjeje n\u00eb paga dhe vijim t\u00eb fragmentimit global n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatmesme, n\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb situata do ti kthehej normalitetit.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, sot, teksa jemi gjasht\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, panorama makroekonomike \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm e ndryshme. Shumica e studimeve t\u00eb realizuara rishtazi flasin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb dob\u00ebt n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara, Kin\u00eb, Amerik\u00ebn Latine, e ku edhe Europa nuk b\u00ebn p\u00ebrjashtim. Paralelisht, pritet q\u00eb paga mesatare reale t\u00eb ulet akoma m\u00eb tej n\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e zhvilluara dhe n\u00eb zhvillim. Ky fakt b\u00ebhet m\u00eb alarmant p\u00ebr vende si yni, ku rrezikohet shtimi i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm i \u201carmat\u00ebs\u201d s\u00eb atyre q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb me n\u00ebn 5.5 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb. Nga pothuaj 1\/5 e popullat\u00ebs son\u00eb totale (mbi 622 qytetar\u00eb) q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb 2021, k\u00ebt\u00eb vit numri i t\u00eb varf\u00ebrve pritet t\u00eb jet\u00eb duksh\u00ebm edhe m\u00eb i lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Teksa treguesit e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb duken subjektiv e t\u00eb papreksh\u00ebm, shqet\u00ebsim direkt p\u00ebr cilindo qytetar jan\u00eb \u00e7mimet e ushqimeve, energjis\u00eb; dhe \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e frikshme mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur mungesa n\u00eb raftet e marketeve p\u00ebr produkte te caktuara. Lufta v\u00ebrtet zhvillohet n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, por ka prodhuar pasoja me impakt t\u00eb gjer\u00eb global. N\u00eb vitin 2021, 36 vende importuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 50% t\u00eb grurit t\u00eb tyre nga Rusia e Ukraina, k\u00ebsisoj n\u00eb mars 2022, Indeksi i \u00c7mimeve t\u00eb Ushqimeve, kalkuluar nga Organizata e Ushqimit dhe Bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb, arriti nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb q\u00eb nga fillimi i tij, 1990.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, n\u00ebnindekset e vajrave vegjetale, t\u00eb drith\u00ebrave dhe t\u00eb mishit jan\u00eb n\u00eb nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta historike t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha koh\u00ebrave, nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7mimet e grurit parashikohen t\u00eb rriten me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40% deri n\u00eb vjesht\u00eb. N\u00eb tre vitet e ardhshme, ekspert\u00ebt paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe qeverit\u00eb e G7-t\u00ebs p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pasiguri t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe kriz\u00eb ushqimore n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Latine dhe Azin\u00eb Jugore, dhe nj\u00eb mjedis shum\u00eb t\u00eb pasigurt n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn Sub-Sahariane, n\u00eb Lindjen e Mesme dhe Afrik\u00ebn e Veriut. N\u00eb raportin e fundit periodik t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb, pohohej se nj\u00eb kombinim i rritjes s\u00eb \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb ushqimit dhe energjis\u00eb, ndikimi q\u00eb ato sjellin n\u00eb buxhetet publike, tashm\u00eb t\u00eb tendosura dhe sforcuara n\u00eb maksimum n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende; mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb mungesa ushqimore dhe problematika me furnizimin me energji elektrike dhe t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb indirekt madje edhe konflikte civile e t\u00eb armatosura.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mbi sigurin\u00eb dhe furnizimin ushqimor, q\u00eb nuk ka gjasa t\u00eb preken nga SHBA apo Europa, por n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme mund t\u00eb shkelen nga pal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera. Si reagim ndaj r\u00ebnies s\u00eb ofert\u00ebs globale, kufizimet e eksportit po ngrihen n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb interesave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shteteve.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb muajve t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm, sfida p\u00ebr sigurimin e baz\u00ebs ushqimore do t\u00eb jet\u00eb akoma m\u00eb e madhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs n\u00eb qasje n\u00eb plehra kimik e organik, aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb prodhimin e shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb kulturave bujq\u00ebsore n\u00eb rajone t\u00eb ndryshme. Rusia dhe Bjellorusia jan\u00eb eksportuesit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb plehrave; duke z\u00ebn\u00eb 38% t\u00eb volumit total t\u00eb plehrave potasik\u00eb, 17% t\u00eb plehrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra dhe 15% t\u00eb plehrave azotike.<\/p>\n

\u00c7mimet e plehrave jan\u00eb rritur q\u00eb nga marsi i k\u00ebtij viti edhe me gati 20% dhe pothuajse tri her\u00eb krahasuar me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, tregje t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara, si ai i grurit, gazit etj; n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb se kur ndodhin kriza si lufta n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, furnizimi global me mallra ushqimore mund t\u00eb destabilizohet dhe humbas ekuilibrin shpejt, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb kosto t\u00eb shum\u00ebfishuara. P\u00ebr shembull, primet e sigurimit jan\u00eb rritur shum\u00eb p\u00ebr anijet q\u00eb operojn\u00eb n\u00eb Detin e Zi, gj\u00eb q\u00eb vet\u00ebm rrit m\u00eb tej \u00e7mimet p\u00ebr mallrat final. Para pushtimit n\u00eb shkurt, Ukraina shihej si \u201cshporta e buk\u00ebs\u201d p\u00ebr bot\u00ebn, duke eksportuar 4.5 milion\u00eb ton\u00eb prodhime bujq\u00ebsore n\u00eb muaj p\u00ebrmes porteve t\u00eb saj \u2013 12% t\u00eb grurit t\u00eb planetit, 15% t\u00eb misrit dhe gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb vajit t\u00eb lulediellit.<\/p>\n

Por sot, me bombardimin e nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb plantacioneve bujq\u00ebsore dhe me portet e Odesas, Chornomorsk-ut t\u00eb shk\u00ebputur nga linjat e komunikimit me bot\u00ebn nga prezenca e luftanijeve ruse, malli mund t\u00eb vij\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rrug\u00eb tok\u00ebsore, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbipopulluara dhe shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak efikase. K\u00ebshtu, me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb shum\u00eb vende po u drejtohen burimeve alternative, por ka kosto shtes\u00eb q\u00eb lidhen me k\u00ebto manovra gjeo-tregtare. Europa ose Lindja e Mesme q\u00eb mb\u00ebshteteshin pjes\u00ebrisht n\u00eb importet e ushqimeve ruse ose ukrainase, tani duhet t\u00eb drejtohen papritur drejt tregjeve p\u00ebrtej oqeanit; nga Kanadaja, tek Argjentina ose Australia. Kjo do t\u00eb sjelli domosdo \u00e7mime m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta dhe vonesa n\u00eb koh\u00eb, duke pasur parasysh distanc\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar.<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb vjeshta mos t\u2019i gjej\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cpap\u00ebrgatitur\u201d qytetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb para nj\u00eb krize akoma m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb duhet t\u00eb:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ofrohen ndihma adekuate humanitare dhe forma t\u00eb tjera subvencionuese p\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb prekurit, familjet e varfra.<\/li>\n
  2. Mbahet i karikuar konsumi dhe rrjedha tregtare, me fokus t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb sidomos minimizimin e nd\u00ebrprerjeve n\u00eb zinxhir\u00ebt e furnizimit, duke punuar paralelisht edhe n\u00eb rrug\u00eb institucionale p\u00ebr eksplorimin e tregjeve alternativ\u00eb efektiv\u00eb.<\/li>\n
  3. Forcohet transparenca e tregjeve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar rreziqet e rritjes s\u00eb \u00e7mimeve p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb spekulimeve dhe abuzimeve, qeveria duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb transparente n\u00eb lidhje me ofert\u00ebn e stoqeve, vler\u00ebsimet e prodhimit p\u00ebr mallrat kryesore etj.<\/li>\n
  4. Inkurajimi i diversifikimit t\u00eb importeve bujq\u00ebsore dhe nxitja e prodhimit vendas. Nj\u00eb nga shtyt\u00ebsit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme globale t\u00eb ushqimit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimi i tregut dhe braktisja e doktrin\u00ebs s\u00eb vet\u00ebmjaftueshm\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nga Igli Tola, ekspert ekonomie N\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb hynim n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjeje pas pandemis\u00eb, ekonomit\u00eb tona p\u00ebrjetuan val\u00ebn e pasojave t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, shp\u00ebrthimeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb COVID-19 dhe bllokimet n\u00eb shum\u00eb nga qendrat kryesore industriale. Dihet se p\u00ebrtej ndikimit t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm humanitar e sanitar t\u00eb konfliktit dhe pasojave t\u00eb vazhdueshme sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2020,"featured_media":92016,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[241,5380,231],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-272282","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-aktualitet","8":"category-kryesore","9":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/272282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=272282"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/272282\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=272282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=272282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=272282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}