Sa kapacitet financiar kan\u00eb kompanit\u00eb e p\u00ebrzgjedhura p\u00ebr projektet me Partneritet Publik-Privat q\u00eb t\u00eb realizojn\u00eb investime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Si paraqitet aft\u00ebsia e tyre paguese, a jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkuara me borxhe dhe a jan\u00eb bankat t\u00eb gatshme t\u2019i financojn\u00eb ato. Pse t\u00eb gjitha institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, por dhe ekspert\u00ebt, jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr PPP-ve. Kronika e nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebruar dhe fillimi i t\u00ebrheqjes s\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Teksa qeveria \u00ebsht\u00eb angazhuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb val\u00eb projektesh t\u00eb Partneritetit Publik-Privat (PPP), q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb mbi 10% t\u00eb Prodhimit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto, dilema t\u00eb shumta po e shoq\u00ebrojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces. Institucionet financiare si FMN, BERZH, Banka Bot\u00ebrore e kan\u00eb shprehur hapur skepticizmin, duke p\u00ebrmendur rrezikun e borxhit t\u00eb fshehur jasht\u00eb bilanci, aft\u00ebsin\u00eb administrative p\u00ebr t\u2019i menaxhuar ato, raportin kosto-p\u00ebrfitime, mosdarjen e riskut me privatin, munges\u00ebn e procedurave konkurruese etj. Edhe ekspert\u00ebt jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt shkojn\u00eb deri aty sa t\u00eb shtrojn\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetjen n\u00ebse k\u00ebto projekte mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb p\u00ebr pastrimin e parave.<\/p>\n
Qeveria parashikon dh\u00ebnien me koncesione t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs Milot-Balldren (160 milion\u00eb euro, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fituar nga A.N.K); Orikum-Himar\u00eb (48 milion\u00eb euro, e fituar nga Gjikuria); nd\u00ebrtimi dhe operimi i aksit Tiran\u00eb-Thuman\u00eb-Vor\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebr momentin u pezullua (360 milion\u00eb euro, ishte fituar nga Gener 2), Rruga e Arbrit (240 milion\u00eb euro, e fituar nga Gjoka Konstruksion); Autostrada Kashar-Rrogozhin\u00eb (680 milion\u00eb euro, n\u00eb projekt); Autostrada Tiran\u00eb-Durr\u00ebs (390 milion\u00eb euro, n\u00eb projekt me pretendent Alb-Star). N\u00eb total jan\u00eb projekte me vler\u00eb rreth 1.9 miliard\u00eb euro, e barabart\u00eb me rreth 15% t\u00eb Prodhimit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto vjetor, ose gati gjysma e buxhetit t\u00eb nj\u00eb viti.<\/p>\n
Arsyeja kryesore q\u00eb dha qeveria p\u00ebr projektet e Partneritetit Publik-Privat lidhej me faktin q\u00eb buxheti i shtetit nuk ka fonde t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar k\u00ebto vepra madhore, ndaj kompanit\u00eb do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin me fondet e veta apo n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kredive bankare dhe shteti do t\u2019u paguante me k\u00ebste dhe interesa (pagesa e par\u00eb b\u00ebhej kur t\u00eb kishin mbaruar t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 25% e punimeve). K\u00ebtu lind dhe nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr dilem\u00eb, m\u00eb pak e debatuar deri tani, ajo e kapacitetit financiar q\u00eb kan\u00eb kompanit\u00eb e angazhuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar me fondet e veta faz\u00ebn fillestare t\u00eb projektit. K\u00ebsaj i shtohet dhe dilema tjet\u00ebr, n\u00ebse bankat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, q\u00eb vitet e fundit, po tregohen tep\u00ebr t\u00eb kujdesshme n\u00eb huadh\u00ebnie, jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatshme q\u00eb t\u00eb kreditojn\u00eb shuma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, p\u00ebrmes huave sindikat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\u201cMonitor\u201d ka analizuar bilancet financiare t\u00eb vitit 2017, t\u00eb kompanive q\u00eb jan\u00eb angazhuar me kontrata Partneriteti Publik-Privat A.N.K., Gjikuria, Gener 2, Gjoka Konstruksion, si dhe Albstar. Sipas deklarimeve zyrtare n\u00eb bilanc, kompanit\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura, likuiditete dhe kapital modest n\u00eb raport me projektet q\u00eb pretendojn\u00eb t\u00eb financojn\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb detyrimesh n\u00eb raport me mjetet e veta (me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb Alb-Star), \u00e7ka e b\u00ebn t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb marrjen e kredive n\u00eb banka.<\/p>\n
Dy kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha jan\u00eb Alb-Star dhe Gener 2, me t\u00eb ardhura rreth 68 milion\u00eb euro secila. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb dhe kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, sipas t\u00eb ardhurave. Alb-Star ka nj\u00eb kapital total prej 50 milion\u00eb eurosh dhe Gener 2, rreth 28 milion\u00eb euro.
\nAsetet afatshkurtra, q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb likuiditetin e kompanis\u00eb (si cash-i n\u00eb bank\u00eb dhe llogarit\u00eb e ark\u00ebtueshme) jan\u00eb 60 milion\u00eb euro p\u00ebr Alb-Star dhe 38 milion\u00eb euro p\u00ebr Gener 2.<\/p>\n
Pas tyre renditet Gjoka Konstruksion me 36 milion\u00eb euro t\u00eb ardhura dhe asete afatshkurtra 43 milion\u00eb euro.
\nKompani m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla jan\u00eb Gjikuria dhe A.N.K, me t\u00eb ardhura p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 19.5 dhe 16.5 milion\u00eb euro dhe asete afatshkurtra q\u00eb nuk i kan\u00eb 14 milion\u00eb euro secila.
\nMe p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb Gjoka Konstruksion, q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb norm\u00eb fitimi prej 16%, kompanit\u00eb e tjera e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tregues minimal, n\u00eb 1-4%. (P\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb detaje shiko tabel\u00ebn n\u00eb fund: \u201cT\u00eb dh\u00ebna financiare t\u00eb disa kompanive t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb projektet PPP\u201d).<\/p>\n
Kapacitetet<\/strong><\/p>\n Kompanit\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura, likuiditete dhe kapital modest n\u00eb raport me projektet q\u00eb pretendojn\u00eb t\u00eb financojn\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb detyrimesh n\u00eb raport me mjetet e veta, \u00e7ka e b\u00ebn t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb marrjen e kredive n\u00eb banka.<\/p>\n Kompanit\u00eb, m\u00eb shum\u00eb borxhe sesa mjete t\u00eb vetat<\/p>\n Sip\u00ebrmarrjet e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve nuk i kan\u00eb \u201cshp\u00ebtuar\u201d tendenc\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb shqiptare, ku kompanit\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb detyrimeve (borxheve), n\u00eb raport me mjetet e veta, kryesisht t\u00eb marra nga pal\u00eb t\u00eb treta jo banka, psh ortak\u00ebt.<\/p>\n Raporti optimal i borxhit ndaj kapitalit konsiderohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb maksimumi 1, pra detyrimet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb barabarta me kapitalin. Ai p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb matur q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb, sh\u00ebndetin e kompanis\u00eb dhe aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb paguar detyrimet. N\u00eb rast se ky raport po rritet, kompania po financohet nga kreditor\u00ebt sesa nga mjetet e veta, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb e rrezikshme. Huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe investitor\u00ebt zakonisht preferojn\u00eb raporte t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb borxhit ndaj kapitalit. Bankier\u00ebt pohojn\u00eb se n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ata preferojn\u00eb q\u00eb ky raport, i cili tregon se sa kompania financohet me borxhe dhe sa me mjetet e veta, t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt se 1, p\u00ebr shkak se do t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtura n\u00eb rast se biznesi ka probleme.<\/p>\n Nga kompanit\u00eb n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, vet\u00ebm Alb-Star ka nj\u00eb raport t\u00eb detyrimeve\/kapitalit prej 0.8, pra m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt sesa 1 (ka m\u00eb pak borxhe sesa mjete t\u00eb veta) dhe Gjoka e ka k\u00ebt\u00eb raport n\u00eb 1.13. Treguesin m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsuar e ka Gjikuria, pra 4.96 (detyrimet jan\u00eb pes\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se kapitali), A.N.K e ka 3.96 dhe pak m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt e ka Gener 2, n\u00eb 2.13.<\/p>\n Bankat, skeptike p\u00ebr kredi sindikat\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n Teksa kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb vend nuk rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb kapitalet e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar projekte q\u00eb i tejkalojn\u00eb disa her\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat e tyre vjetore dhe kapitalin e disponuesh\u00ebm, shpresa kryesore e financimit t\u00eb PPP-ve \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kredive bankare. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr hua n\u00eb shuma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, nj\u00eb bank\u00eb e vetme \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur ta financoj\u00eb nj\u00eb koncesion. Bankat, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb ligjit, nuk mund t\u00eb japin kredi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb klient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 20% t\u00eb kapitalit t\u00eb tyre rregullator (10% kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kompani q\u00eb ka lidhje me grupin bankar).<\/p>\n Banka m\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb vend ka nj\u00eb kapital prej rreth 300 milion\u00eb eurosh, pra nuk mund t\u00eb jap\u00eb hua m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 60 milion\u00eb euro p\u00ebr nj\u00eb klient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Ndon\u00ebse bankat vitet e fundit e kan\u00eb rritur kapitalin, si k\u00ebrkes\u00eb rregullatore e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb apo se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fitimeve nuk jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb si dividend, por kan\u00eb kaluar si shtes\u00eb kapitali, bankat nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb prira t\u00eb rrisin shum\u00ebn e financimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb klient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Por, k\u00ebto hua jan\u00eb pak t\u00eb preferuara nga bankat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. \u201cProjektet sindikat\u00eb jan\u00eb me risk t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe nuk kan\u00eb rezultuar shum\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme\u201d, thot\u00eb drejtuesi i departamentit t\u00eb kredis\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb banke, q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb hua t\u00eb till\u00eb. Bankat shpesh kan\u00eb hasur v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb gjetjen e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, p\u00ebr vendime si p.sh. ristrukturimi i huas\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e bankave jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces shitblerjesh, duke e l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb huadh\u00ebnien.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2017, kapitali rregullator i sistemit bankar, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ishte rreth 1.1 miliard\u00eb euro. Sikur t\u00eb gjitha bankat t\u00eb mblidheshin bashk\u00eb (q\u00eb nuk ka gjasa t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb), shuma maksimale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jepej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb klient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb 220 milion\u00eb euro. Kredit\u00eb sindikat\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n Teksa kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb vend nuk rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb kapitalet e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar projekte q\u00eb i tejkalojn\u00eb disa her\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat e tyre vjetore dhe kapitalin e disponuesh\u00ebm, shpresa kryesore e financimit t\u00eb PPP-ve \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kredive bankare sindikat\u00eb. Por, k\u00ebto hua jan\u00eb pak t\u00eb preferuara nga bankat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, sikur t\u00eb gjitha bankat t\u00eb mblidheshin bashk\u00eb (q\u00eb nuk ka gjasa t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb), shuma maksimale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jepej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb klient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb 220 milion\u00eb euro.<\/p>\n BERZH: P\u00ebrdorni huat\u00eb nga institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb kombinuara me grante<\/strong><\/p>\n P\u00ebr Matteo Colangeli, kreu i Bank\u00ebs Europiane p\u00ebr Rind\u00ebrtim dhe Zhvillim (BERZH) n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, PPP-t\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb instrument i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr financime n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb projekte q\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura si aeroportet ose autostradat. Ai shton se kur PPP-t\u00eb konsiderohen si mjeti duhur p\u00ebr financim, k\u00ebrkesa duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitet nga sektori publik dhe t\u2019u ofrohet investitor\u00ebve n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb procesi tenderimi konkurrues.<\/p>\n Kjo do t\u00eb siguronte m\u00eb shum\u00eb transparenc\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb gjeneronte m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb, sesa p\u00ebrdorimi alternativ i ofertave t\u00eb pak\u00ebrkuara t\u00eb nisura nga vet\u00eb investitor\u00ebt. \u201cKur PPP-t\u00eb konsistojn\u00eb thjesht n\u00eb nj\u00eb detyrim ndaj investitorit privat, q\u00eb do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shlyhet nga qeveria p\u00ebr disa vite me radh\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kemi nj\u00eb ndarje t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb riskut t\u00eb projektit me investitorin privat dhe si rrjedhim detyrimet do t\u00eb zvog\u00eblojn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn fiskale n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me borxhin publik\u201d, pohon z. Colangeli.<\/p>\n Ai thot\u00eb q\u00eb huat\u00eb nga Institucionet Financiare Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb kombinuara me grante t\u00eb donator\u00ebve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00ebn Platform\u00ebn p\u00ebr Investime t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor (WBIF) t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nga BE, mbeten m\u00ebnyra me kosto efektive p\u00ebr financimin e infrastruktur\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n PPP-t\u00eb, pa lidhje me korridoret rajonale<\/strong><\/p>\n Qeveria ka vendosur nd\u00ebrtimin me koncesion t\u00eb projekteve q\u00eb nuk konsiderohen si prioritare n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb rrjetit nd\u00ebrlidh\u00ebs europiane: Programit Trans-Europian t\u00eb Rrjetit t\u00eb Transporti (TEN-T). Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebrfshihet n\u00eb rrjetin europian TEN-T, p\u00ebrmes autostradave Adriatiko \u2013 Joniane (q\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb territorin shqiptar p\u00ebrputhet me aksin rrugor Veri \u2013 Jug), pjes\u00eb e Korridoritt t\u00eb Mesdheut, q\u00eb kalon n\u00eb bregdetin kroat, me rrug\u00ebt p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregdetit malazez dhe p\u00ebrshkon Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga Muriqani n\u00eb Lezh\u00eb-Tiran\u00eb-Fier-Tepelen\u00eb-Gjirokast\u00ebr dhe p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb Kakavij\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb segment, (p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ka filluar studimi fisibilitetit), Shqip\u00ebria mund t\u00eb aplikoj\u00eb p\u00ebr kredi e fonde tek donator\u00ebt europian\u00eb, por duket se qeveria ka preferuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendroj\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen te projektet PPP, q\u00eb po rezultojn\u00eb me kosto t\u00eb fryra, si rrjedhoj\u00eb e procedurave jo konkurruese t\u00eb ndjekura deri tani.\u00a0LEXO:\u00a0http:\/\/www.monitor.al\/projektet-ppp-nuk-kane-lidhje-me-rrjetin-nderlidhes-me-europen-2\/<\/p>\n Fillon t\u00ebrheqja nga koncesionet<\/strong><\/p>\n Pa u v\u00ebn\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb projektet e sapomiratuara, kan\u00eb filluar t\u00ebrheqjet e para. Ministrja e re e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Industris\u00eb dhe Energjis\u00eb, Belinda Balluku, n\u00eb daljen e par\u00eb publike, tha se \u201ckam vendosur nd\u00ebrprerjen e procedur\u00ebs s\u00eb Partneritetit Publik -Privat p\u00ebr aksin Thuman\u00eb-Kashar. Drafti parashikon dhe shfuqizimin e sistemit t\u00eb shp\u00ebrblimit me pik\u00eb bonus t\u00eb propozuesve t\u00eb pak\u00ebrkuar dhe forcon rolin monitorues dhe kontrollin e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Ekonomis\u00eb dhe Financave, jo vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb faz\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb projekteve t\u00eb koncesionit\/PPP, por edhe n\u00eb zbatimin e kontratave t\u00eb koncesionit\/PPP.<\/p>\n TE GJITHE KUNDER PPP-ve<\/p>\n Nga institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, tek ekspert\u00ebt e ekonomis\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shprehin rezerva p\u00ebr rendjen e qeveris\u00eb drejt projekteve t\u00eb Partneritetit Publik-Privat. Shqet\u00ebsimet e tyre, ata i kan\u00eb shprehur n\u00eb intervistat dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cMonitor\u201d p\u00ebr pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb e ecuris\u00eb ekonomike p\u00ebr vitin 2019.<\/p>\n FMN: Kostot mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb larta sesa pritet<\/strong><\/p>\n Ne mir\u00ebpresim p\u00ebrpjekjet e deritanishme p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave dhe Ekonomis\u00eb rol m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb si gardian\u00eb n\u00eb frenimin e kostos fiskale potenciale t\u00eb PPP-ve. Ne gjithashtu k\u00ebshillojm\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nxitet procesi konkurrues i ofertave, duke ndaluar pranimin e propozimeve PPP t\u00eb pak\u00ebrkuara n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektor\u00ebt\u201d, ka pohuar z. Martijn.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, FMN ka k\u00ebshilluar qeverin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb zbatimin e \u201ckontabilitetit me t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb konstatuara\u201d dhe t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb diskutimin lidhur me rreziqet fiskale q\u00eb lidhen me PPP n\u00eb Deklarat\u00ebn Fiskale t\u00eb Rreziqeve. Kjo deklarat\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kontratave t\u00eb PPP-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb politik\u00ebn e qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr zbutjen e k\u00ebtyre rreziqeve.<\/p>\n Banka Bot\u00ebrore: Po shtohen rreziqet fiskale jasht\u00eb bilanci<\/strong><\/p>\n Znj. Maryam Salim, P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese e P\u00ebrhershme e Zyr\u00ebs s\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ka t\u00ebrhequr v\u00ebmendjen se po shtohen rreziqet fiskale jasht\u00eb bilanci, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb shpenzimet e larta t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet PPP-ve dhe krijimit t\u00eb detyrimeve t\u00eb prapambetura, t\u00eb cilat k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse n\u00eb menaxhimin e riskut, q\u00eb vjen nga detyrimet potenciale. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, duke pasur parasysh nivelet shum\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb borxhit, forcimi i transparenc\u00ebs fiskale do t\u00eb rriste besimin e tregjeve dhe do t\u00eb ulte rreziqet e financimit n\u00eb tregjet e brendshme dhe t\u00eb jashtme.<\/p>\n Ajo shton se n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij mandati, Kryeministri shpalli projektin \u201c1 miliard\u201d, si nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr mobilizimin e burimeve p\u00ebr investime q\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme n\u00eb vend. Disa nga k\u00ebto investime jan\u00eb nisur p\u00ebrmes PPP-ve. \u201cNd\u00ebrsa \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjykuar mbi ndikimin e k\u00ebtyre investimeve, ne gjithmon\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb p\u00ebr shqyrtim t\u00eb fort\u00eb t\u00eb ndikimeve fiskale afatshkurtra dhe afatgjata t\u00eb PPP-ve. PPP-t\u00eb, n\u00eb vetvete, jan\u00eb nj\u00eb instrument i ligjsh\u00ebm, por p\u00ebrdorimi i tyre k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr sa i takon nj\u00eb administrate t\u00eb fort\u00eb publike, mekanizmave t\u00eb kontrollit dhe transparenc\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb\u201d, pohon znj. Salim.<\/p>\n Banka Bot\u00ebrore do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb qeverin\u00eb p\u00ebr (i) forcimin e kapaciteteve teknike t\u00eb stafit n\u00eb Ministrin\u00eb e Ekonomis\u00eb dhe Financave dhe ministrive t\u00eb linj\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb monitoruar PPP-t\u00eb; (ii) b\u00ebrjen m\u00eb transparente dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegjshme t\u00eb aktivitetit t\u00eb PPP-ve, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe publikimin e nj\u00eb njoftimi mbi rreziqet fiskale q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebnte transparence mbi detyrimet potenciale q\u00eb lindin nga PPP-t\u00eb; (iii) integrimin e procesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhjes s\u00eb PPP-ve n\u00eb strategjin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr menaxhimin e investimeve publike, duke forcuar funksionin nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave dhe Ekonomis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb PPP-t\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme nga ana fiskale, duke reduktuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb nga propozimet e pak\u00ebrkuara \u201cad-hoc\u201d p\u00ebr PPP-t\u00eb dhe duke kufizuar p\u00ebrjashtimet prej ligjit p\u00ebr PPP-t\u00eb.<\/p>\n Ekspert\u00ebt, nga rreziku i klientelizimit deri tek pastrimi i parave<\/strong><\/p>\n Edhe ekspert\u00ebt e ekonomis\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb m\u00eb pak skeptik\u00eb, duke paralajm\u00ebruar p\u00ebr pasojat afatgjata q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb n\u00eb ekonomi kontratat e Partneritetit Publik-Privat. Prof. dr. Adrian Civici, president i UET pohon se PPP, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhen faktor i rritjes s\u00eb investimeve dhe zhvillimit, jan\u00eb shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb klienteliz\u00ebm t\u00eb past\u00ebr oligarkik dhe burim konfliktualiteti t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr politik e shoq\u00ebror; etj.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa prof. Selami Xhepa, dekan i Fakultetit t\u00eb Ekonomis\u00eb n\u00eb UET, shprehet se zhvillimet n\u00eb borxhin publik, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kontratave t\u00eb Partneritetit Publik-Privat, do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb mbeten nj\u00eb rrezik potencial serioz, jo thjesht p\u00ebr vitin 2019, por n\u00eb nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb m\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb. \u201cMungesa e disiplin\u00ebs dhe rregullave n\u00eb miratimin dhe zbatimin e projekteve t\u00eb investimeve publike ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb dominohen nga PPP-t\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb kosto m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe efektivitet m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Edhe n\u00eb buxhetin e vitit 2019, ato do t\u00eb shtohen, ndon\u00ebse niveli i sot\u00ebm i tyre prej 31% t\u00eb Produktit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto (PBB) \u00ebsht\u00eb i lart\u00eb dhe me rreziqe. Sfidat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb sotme dhe p\u00ebr vitin 2019 lidhen me nivelin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb informalitetit dhe munges\u00ebn e investimeve me efekte afatgjata.<\/p>\n Qarkullimi dhe investimi i parave informale deformojn\u00eb tregun, godasin sektor\u00ebt prodhues t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb dhe ulin cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e investimeve publike. Ekonomia do t\u00eb dominohet nga investimet n\u00eb sektorin e nd\u00ebrtimeve t\u00eb banesave dhe t\u00eb koncesioneve ku parat\u00eb informale mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren m\u00eb me leht\u00ebsi. T\u00eb parat jan\u00eb investime q\u00eb nuk sjellin efekte n\u00eb rritjen ekonomike t\u00eb viteve t\u00eb ardhshme, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb dytat do t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb peng pjes\u00ebn e buxhetit p\u00ebr zhvillim n\u00eb 10-15 vitet e ardhshme\u201d, pohon z. Shehu.<\/p>\n Kund\u00ebr projekteve t\u00eb Partneritetit Publik-Privat \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehur vazhdimisht edhe Zef Pre\u00e7i, nga Qendra Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebr K\u00ebrkime Ekonomike. Ai thot\u00eb se, n\u00ebse ky borxh i ri i fsheht\u00eb, i cil\u00ebsuar PPP, merret n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb fuqia ripaguese e ekonomis\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb rritet, shtohen rreziqet. E n\u00ebse k\u00ebto para shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr investime fasadash, pllakash, lulesh, etj., pra nuk hapin vende pune, nuk zhvillojn\u00eb industrin\u00eb, bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb, etj., p\u00ebrs\u00ebritja e skenarit t\u00eb dhimbsh\u00ebm grek \u00ebsht\u00eb e pashmangshme, shtoi ai.\/Monitor<\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sa kapacitet financiar kan\u00eb kompanit\u00eb e p\u00ebrzgjedhura p\u00ebr projektet me Partneritet Publik-Privat q\u00eb t\u00eb realizojn\u00eb investime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Si paraqitet aft\u00ebsia e tyre paguese, a jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkuara me borxhe dhe a jan\u00eb bankat t\u00eb gatshme t\u2019i financojn\u00eb ato. Pse t\u00eb gjitha institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, por dhe ekspert\u00ebt, jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr PPP-ve. Kronika e nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":66660,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[241,231,235],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-66659","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-aktualitet","8":"category-lajme","9":"category-vendi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66659\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nZgjidhja e vetme p\u00ebr kredi n\u00eb shuma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, pohojn\u00eb bankier\u00ebt, \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet huave sindikat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem \u00ebsht\u00eb ekspozimi i kredimarr\u00ebsit. N\u00ebse kompania ka hua n\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb prej bankave t\u00eb projektit sindikat\u00eb, kjo mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb mosmiratimin e kredis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
\nN\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, qeveria \u00e7oi n\u00eb Kuvend nj\u00eb draft t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr koncesionet, sipas t\u00eb cilit nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb propozohen nga sektori privat projekte koncesioni\/PPP, n\u00eb form\u00ebn e propozimit t\u00eb pak\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin, operimin, mir\u00ebmbajtjen dhe rehabilitimin e rrug\u00ebve nacionale me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. P\u00ebrjashtim b\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm ofertat p\u00ebr realizimin e punimeve dhe\/ose ofrimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve n\u00eb porte, aeroporte, p\u00ebr prodhimin dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e energjis\u00eb elektrike, energjis\u00eb p\u00ebr ngrohje dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e gazit natyror.<\/p>\n\n
\nM\u00eb i drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe Sherefedin Shehu, ish-zv.minist\u00ebr i Financave, tani K\u00ebshilltar i Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Programin e Stabilizimit Ekonomik t\u00eb Libis\u00eb. Ai thot\u00eb se rreziku i Partneriteteve Publike \u2013 Private (PPP) do t\u00eb rritet gjat\u00eb vitit 2019 dhe p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, do t\u00eb ulet v\u00ebllimi dhe cil\u00ebsia e investimeve publike t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb studime dhe me ndikim afatgjat\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen ekonomike.<\/p>\n