Kryeministri shqiptar Edi Rama shpalli se vendi gjendet pran\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulimi t\u00eb madh, nj\u00eb vendburimi nafte, q\u00eb sipas tij, \u201cdo t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d dhe, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, t\u00eb vet\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
\u201cShenjat tregojn\u00eb se mund t\u00eb jemi pran\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulimi shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb tok\u00eb t\u00eb gazit dhe naft\u00ebs, q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb jasht\u00eb mase t\u00eb ardhmen e vendit ton\u00eb, por do t\u00eb luaj\u00eb nj\u00eb rol edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen energjetike t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs,\u201d deklaroi ai.<\/p>\n
Ministrja e Infrastruktur\u00ebs dhe Energjis\u00eb, Belinda Balluku shtoi: \u201cShell po punon tashm\u00eb prej disa koh\u00ebsh n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe ne po presim me padurim rezultatin e eksplorimit q\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulim i madh.\u201d<\/p>\n
Si edhe Rama, Balluku pranoi se kompania Shell nuk jep t\u00eb dh\u00ebna dhe shifra p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb pritet, por pavar\u00ebsisht k\u00ebsaj, ajo deklaroi se \u201cShqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb vend q\u00eb do t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nafte dhe gazi, e ndar\u00eb 60% p\u00ebr naft\u00ebn dhe 40% p\u00ebr gazin.\u201d<\/p>\n
Nga t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto deklarata, e vetmja gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fakt \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb nga gjigand\u00ebt nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb naft\u00ebs, holandezja Shell, \u00ebsht\u00eb prej vitesh duke shpenzuar dhjet\u00ebramilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb shpimin e puseve eksploruese n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Shpiragut n\u00eb Berat, me shpres\u00eb se do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb naft\u00eb. Kompania nuk ka deklaruar gj\u00eb n\u00ebse ka gjetur apo jo naft\u00eb t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzueshme dhe as nuk ka shpallur n\u00ebse ka vendosur apo jo q\u00eb t\u00eb investoj\u00eb p\u00ebr ta shfryt\u00ebzuar zbulimin q\u00eb ka b\u00ebr\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Shell \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompani e listuar n\u00eb burs\u00eb dhe deklaratat e saj nuk b\u00ebhen p\u00ebr konsum t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm politik n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe as p\u00ebr t\u00eb furnizuar me argumente politike nj\u00eb kryeminist\u00ebr. Ndaj, p\u00ebrsa koh\u00eb kompania nuk ka b\u00ebr\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, deklarata e Ram\u00ebs dhe e Ballukut duhet t\u00eb konsiderohen sikur t\u00eb mos kishin ndodhur kurr\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse Shell ka gjetur me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb naft\u00eb dhe ka vendosur q\u00eb ta v\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb njoftimi i saj do t\u2019i drejtohet para s\u00eb gjithash aksioner\u00ebve t\u00eb vet dhe \u00e7mimi i aksioneve t\u00eb saj n\u00eb burs\u00eb do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb. Por n\u00ebse ka gjetur naft\u00eb, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb sasis\u00eb s\u00eb gjetur dhe aft\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr ta nxjerr\u00eb at\u00eb, zbulimi mund t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb dhjetramilion\u00eb ose qindramilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb fitime n\u00eb vit p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr buxhetin e shtetit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. N\u00eb \u00e7do rast, gjasat jan\u00eb t\u00eb pakta q\u00eb zbulimi t\u00eb jet\u00eb aq i st\u00ebrmadh sa ta kthej\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb lloj vendi si Katari i sheik\u00ebve apo Libia e Gedafit, nd\u00ebrsa sasia e naft\u00ebs s\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndonj\u00eb rol n\u00eb furnizimin evropian t\u00eb energjive fosile.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb fakt, prania e naft\u00ebs n\u00eb zon\u00eb u zbulua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb nga nj\u00eb shpim nga kompania Occidental Petroleum n\u00eb vitin 2001. Pusi i quajtur Shpirag 1 ishte i thell\u00eb 5055 metra dhe pavar\u00ebsisht se u gjet naft\u00eb, kompania q\u00eb e shpoi, e braktisi zon\u00ebn pasi e gjykoi pa leverdi zhvillimin e saj.<\/p>\n
Dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 2013, nj\u00eb kompani e quajtur Petromanas, shpoi nj\u00eb pus t\u00eb dyt\u00eb si dhe b\u00ebri teste. Pusi i dyt\u00eb ishte 5547 metra i thell\u00eb dhe nafta e gjetur ishte \u201ce leht\u00eb\u201d pra naft\u00eb cil\u00ebsore, e cila merr \u00e7mim m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb tregun nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Q\u00eb nga ajo koh\u00eb, Shell, e cila bleu interesat e Manas n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb projekt, ka shpuar edhe puset 3,4 dhe 5. Gjetjet q\u00eb ka b\u00ebr\u00eb kompania si dhe vler\u00ebsimet e ekspert\u00ebve t\u00eb pavarur mbi k\u00ebto gjetje, mund t\u00eb lexohen n\u00eb faqen e saj t\u00eb internetit k\u00ebtu.<\/p>\n
Kompania n\u00eb \u00e7do rast thekson se gjetjet e saj jan\u00eb t\u00eb karakterit shkencor dhe jo doemos ekonomik. Vler\u00ebsimi ekonomik nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ende.<\/p>\n
Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Shpiragu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zona e vetme naft\u00ebmbajt\u00ebse q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb tre dekadave t\u00eb fundit. Agjencia Komb\u00ebtare e Burimeve Natyrore ka publikuar n\u00eb vitin 2019 nj\u00eb list\u00eb me gjetjet. Panajaja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendburim tjet\u00ebr ku u zbulua gaz n\u00eb vitin 1996 nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb det pran\u00eb Durr\u00ebsit u zbulua m\u00eb von\u00eb gjithashtu prani gazi. Austriak\u00ebt e OM\u00cb dhe grek\u00ebt e Helenic Petroleum shpenzuan para t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb shpime n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr vite me rradh\u00eb para se t\u00eb dilnin n\u00eb konkluzionin se nafta e gjetur n\u00ebn tok\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb nxirret jasht\u00eb.<\/p>\n
\u201cEkuivalenti i Val D\u2019Agrit\u201d<\/p>\n
Si Shell ashtu edhe paraardh\u00ebsja e saj Manas, theksojn\u00eb n\u00eb raportet e tyre se formacioni gjeologjik i Shpiragut \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cekuivalent\u201d me zon\u00ebn naft\u00ebmbajt\u00ebse t\u00eb Val D\u2019Agrit n\u00eb Itali. Val D\u2019Agri gjendet n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Salernos n\u00eb Italin\u00eb e jugut dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb vitin 1989. Ajo u vu n\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzim n\u00eb vitin 1996 dhe aktualisht prodhon 100 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i n\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb 24 puse. Kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb zbulimi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i till\u00eb, por n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb i till\u00eb, at\u00ebhere kompania shfryt\u00ebzuese do t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura prej rreth 10 milion\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb dit\u00eb dhe mbi 3.6 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb vit, n\u00ebse marrim parasysh \u00e7mimet aktuale t\u00eb naft\u00ebs. Shqip\u00ebria prodhon aktualisht rreth 20 mij\u00eb fu\u00e7i n\u00eb dit\u00eb dhe n\u00ebse kjo b\u00ebhet realitet, prodhimi i vendit do t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebfishohet.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrfitimet varen nga korrupsioni<\/p>\n
Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, impakti q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulim i till\u00eb n\u00eb buxhetin e shtetit do t\u00eb varet nga kostoja e prodhimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs nd\u00ebrsa kjo e fundit, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb jo t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, do t\u00eb varet nga niveli i korrupsionit t\u00eb autoriteteve publike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Formula e koncesioneve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb kompania koncesionare merr p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr t\u00eb gjej\u00eb dhe zhvilloj\u00eb vendburimin me shpenzimet e saj dhe n\u00ebse gjen di\u00e7ka t\u00eb vlefshme, fitimet neto do t\u00eb ndahen 50% me 50% mes shtetit shqiptar dhe kompanis\u00eb koncesionare.<\/p>\n
Deri m\u00eb sot, me kontrata t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, nuk na ka ecur mbar\u00eb. Rasti i Bankers Petroleum \u00ebsht\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs. Q\u00eb kur mori koncesionin e fush\u00ebs s\u00eb Patos-Marinz\u00ebs, kompania ka rezultuar me rezultat t\u00ebr\u00ebsor shum\u00ebvje\u00e7ar negativ, duke mos shpallur fitime dhe duke mos paguar tatim mbi fitimin n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 50%.<\/p>\n
Rrjedhimisht, p\u00ebrfitimet q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria ka nga nxjerrja e naft\u00ebs n\u00eb Patos-Marinz\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht 15% mbi vler\u00ebn totale t\u00eb naft\u00ebs s\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shif\u00ebr p\u00ebrfshihet nj\u00eb taks\u00eb q\u00eb mban qeveria qendrore dhe p\u00ebrfitime t\u00eb tjera nga gjurma ekonomike e kompanis\u00eb, shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00eb t\u00eb apo shpenzime te tjera lokale. Nj\u00eb investigim i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm i BIRN zbuloi se n\u00eb fakt jan\u00eb autoritetet shqiptare ato q\u00eb rezultuan t\u00eb paafta p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur kompanin\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr mostransferimin e fitimeve, pra q\u00eb fitimet e realizuara nga nafta n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb mos i transferohen kompanive t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb form\u00ebn e shpenzimeve t\u00eb paqena.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse kjo histori do t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet me Shell apo jo, kjo nuk mund t\u00eb parashikohet. Por ajo q\u00eb parashikohet \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb autoritetet publike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se kan\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Mallkimi i burimeve<\/p>\n
Q\u00eb prej dekadash, ekspert\u00ebt e shkencave politike kan\u00eb arsyetuar se p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vende, gjetja e burimeve natyrore nuk ka qen\u00eb aq shum\u00eb nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb drejt pasurimit se sa ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb katastrof\u00eb, nj\u00eb mallkim. Burimet natyrore mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb vlefshme p\u00ebr t\u2019u investuar n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb vendi, por jan\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb burim p\u00ebr korruptim potencial t\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve politik\u00eb t\u00eb atij vendi.<\/p>\n
Shqip\u00ebria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vend shum\u00eb i pasur me burime natyrore, e megjithat\u00eb, ato burime natyrore q\u00eb ka nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur deri m\u00eb sot n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb zhvillimit. Kriminaliteti n\u00eb Fier dhe n\u00eb Bulqiz\u00eb duket se ushqehen pjes\u00ebrisht ose totalisht nga biznesi lukrativ i krijuar nga ato dy pak burime natyrore q\u00eb ka Shqip\u00ebria, nafta n\u00eb Fier dhe kromi n\u00eb Bulqiz\u00eb. Kromi \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gjithashtu burim mashtrimi fiskal me TVSH-n\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm duke mos kontribuuar n\u00eb buxhetin e shtetit, por duke g\u00ebrryer taksat q\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt i paguajn\u00eb gjetk\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Edhe historia e k\u00ebtyre burimeve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb shpres\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebse. N\u00eb vitet 1970-1980, kur \u00e7mimi i naft\u00ebs n\u00eb tregun nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ishte shum\u00eb i lart\u00eb, qeveria komuniste shqiptare pati mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb rris\u00eb prodhimin n\u00eb maksimum (deri n\u00eb 2.6 milion\u00eb ton\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1976) dhe duksh\u00ebm i p\u00ebrdori k\u00ebto para p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar bunker\u00eb, para se t\u00eb ekzekutonte dhe burgoste inxhinier\u00ebt e naft\u00ebs n\u00ebn akuz\u00ebn se nuk po nxirrnin aq shum\u00eb naft\u00eb sa d\u00ebshironte diktatori.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb thelb, duhet pasur parasysh se vet\u00ebm vendburimi i naft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ku\u00e7ov\u00eb ka nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e vet 23 milion\u00eb fu\u00e7i, t\u00eb barazvlefshme me 2.3 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb me \u00e7mimet e sotme t\u00eb naft\u00ebs. Por ajo q\u00eb k\u00ebto para kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas n\u00eb Ku\u00e7ov\u00eb jan\u00eb ndotja mjedisore dhe asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Zbulimi i nj\u00eb burimi nafte t\u00eb ri n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb me doemos se Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitoj\u00eb. Ajo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb mallkim. \/BIRN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kryeministri shqiptar Edi Rama shpalli se vendi gjendet pran\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulimi t\u00eb madh, nj\u00eb vendburimi nafte, q\u00eb sipas tij, \u201cdo t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d dhe, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, t\u00eb vet\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs. \u201cShenjat tregojn\u00eb se mund t\u00eb jemi pran\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulimi shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb tok\u00eb t\u00eb gazit dhe naft\u00ebs, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2031,"featured_media":269363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[241,231,235],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-269362","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-aktualitet","8":"category-lajme","9":"category-vendi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2031"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=269362"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269362\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/269363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=269362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=269362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=269362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}