{"id":75432,"date":"2019-03-24T21:30:56","date_gmt":"2019-03-24T20:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/?p=75432"},"modified":"2019-03-24T15:34:02","modified_gmt":"2019-03-24T14:34:02","slug":"ballkan-krize-per-fuqi-punetore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/ballkan-krize-per-fuqi-punetore\/","title":{"rendered":"Ballkan\/ Kriz\u00eb p\u00ebr fuqi pun\u00ebtore"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vendet e Ballkanit po p\u00ebrballen me munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore si rrjedhoj\u00eb e emigracinit dhe plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. Kroacia po k\u00ebrkon punonj\u00ebs nga fqinj\u00ebt, Serbia po mendon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zgjidhje afatgjat\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa politika shqiptare nuk duket se po e merr seriozisht k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

R\u00ebnia e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, rritja e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, emigrimi, jan\u00eb disa nga faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb q\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore n\u00eb vend, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr prej problemeve m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb madh shtetesh n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Lindore dhe Ballkanin. Artikujt n\u00eb mediat e Ballkanit nuk mungojn\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen q\u00eb sa po vjen e po b\u00ebhet m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsues dhe rrezikon r\u00ebnien e produktivitetit dhe uljen e konkurrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi, nd\u00ebrsa mund t\u00eb thelloj\u00eb deficitin n\u00eb skem\u00ebn e financimit t\u00eb pensioneve.<\/p>\n

Mungesa e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb problem madhor p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektor\u00ebt n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ka raportuar m\u00eb her\u00ebt Monitor. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e industris\u00eb kryesore n\u00eb vend pohuan se p\u00ebrve\u00e7 ambientit jo shum\u00eb favorizues p\u00ebr sip\u00ebrmarrjet, mungesa e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn zgjidhjet jan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira. Industria fason, bujq\u00ebsia dhe turizmi kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb vuajn\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti munges\u00ebn e punonj\u00ebsve. Por ankesa jan\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektor\u00ebt, sidomos n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet publike t\u00eb mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb. Pagat e ul\u00ebta dhe emigracioni i lart\u00eb jan\u00eb shkaqet kryesore, teksa bizneset kan\u00eb mbetur pa zgjidhje. N\u00eb dekad\u00ebn n\u00eb vijim, INSTAT parashikon se popullsia n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune do t\u00eb bjer\u00eb me ritme m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se popullsia e p\u00ebrgjithshme.<\/p>\n

INSTAT n\u00eb nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm p\u00ebr projeksionet e popullsis\u00eb deri m\u00eb 2030 parashikon se popullsia n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune do t\u00eb bjer\u00eb me nj\u00eb rit\u00ebm pak m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb se sa popullsia e p\u00ebrgjithshme, me m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa 18% n\u00eb pothuaj t\u00eb gjitha qarqet, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 atyre q\u00eb e shtojn\u00eb popullsin\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet migrimit (Tirana dhe Durr\u00ebsi). P\u00ebrve\u00e7 emigracionit, numri i ul\u00ebt i lindjeve po shton presionin mbi perspektiv\u00ebn e tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Shtesa natyrore e popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebr tremujorin e tret\u00eb 2018, pasqyron nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie me 35,4%, n\u00eb krahasim me tremujorin e tret\u00eb 2017, raportoi INSTAT, nd\u00ebrsa numri i lindjeve ka sh\u00ebnuar r\u00ebnie n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qarqet e vendit, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Tiran\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

KROACIA KA NEVOJ\u00cb URGJENTE P\u00cbR FUQI PUN\u00cbTORE T\u00cb HUAJ<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ulja e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, rritja e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe emigrimi n\u00eb shifra alarmante. K\u00ebta jan\u00eb disa nga faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb krijuar mungesa t\u00eb theksuara t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb shtetin kroat por edhe n\u00eb shtete t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Lindore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb dhjetorit t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar, gjat\u00eb dimrit t\u00eb ftoht\u00eb boshnjak, nj\u00eb delegacion i grupit t\u00eb hoteleris\u00eb kroate Jadranka u caktua q\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillonte takime n\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebn Verilindore, kryesisht n\u00eb tre qytete, Tuzla, Bijeljina, B\u00ebr\u00e7ko, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb rekrutonte pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb rinj dhe t\u2019i merrte ata m\u00eb vete n\u00eb Mali Lo\u0161inj dhe Cres.<\/p>\n

Por nd\u00ebrsa puna n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor nuk do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb deri n\u00eb hapje t\u00eb sezonit, mungesa e madhe e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore gjat\u00eb 2018 dhe pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb se ajo do t\u00eb rritet gjat\u00eb 2019, kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb biznese t\u00eb vihen n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebrpara fillimit t\u00eb sezonit. Niveli i pag\u00ebs fillon nga 500 euro. Gjat\u00eb vitit 2018 kemi d\u00ebgjuar shpeshher\u00eb p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb kroate.<\/p>\n

Vite pas an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb BE dhe kalimit t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs financiare, migrimi dukej se po shkonte vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb drejtim, nga Kroacia n\u00eb vendet q\u00eb tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb t\u00eb emigracionit, si Gjermania apo ekonomit\u00eb e hapura si Irlanda. Shteti kroat u p\u00ebrball me munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore n\u00eb momentin kur ekonomia nisi t\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbej.<\/p>\n

Me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 9,000 leje t\u00eb l\u00ebshuara p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e huaj t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb vend, n\u00eb vitin 2018 qeveria kroate arriti nj\u00eb num\u00ebr rekord prej 21,210 hyrjesh t\u00eb reja, kryesisht shtetas me origjin\u00eb jasht\u00eb BE-s\u00eb. M\u00eb von\u00eb shifra u rrit n\u00eb 29,769. Sektor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb ishin nd\u00ebrtimi dhe turizmi, ndjekur nga industria e metaleve, nd\u00ebrtimi i anijeve, transporti, industria ushqimore dhe e konservimit, sektori i teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe bujq\u00ebsia. Nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb sektor\u00ebsh hap\u00ebn vende pune si p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar ashtu edhe p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb pakualifikuar.<\/p>\n

Mungesa e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Kroaci nj\u00eb prej problemeve m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por edhe n\u00eb shtete t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs lindore. N\u00eb Hungari, protesta t\u00eb m\u00ebdha shp\u00ebrthyen kund\u00ebr vendimit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Orbanit p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur numrin e or\u00ebve n\u00eb pun\u00eb, n\u00eb rreth 400 or\u00eb n\u00eb vit, si nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbehur disi munges\u00ebn e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore. N\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr shtetet e Vishegradit ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 520,000 vende t\u00eb lira pune, kryesisht si pasoj\u00eb e uljes s\u00eb norm\u00ebs s\u00eb lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe rritjes s\u00eb emigrimit n\u00eb vendet e Europ\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb disa prej shkaqeve q\u00eb kan\u00eb shkaktuar munges\u00ebn e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore n\u00eb Kroaci. Sipas Iva Tomi\u00e7, nga Instituti i Ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Zagrebit, \u201cne jemi n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha demografike.<\/p>\n

Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, shkalla e ul\u00ebt e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur shum\u00eb. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb t\u00eb uljes s\u00eb lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, numri i t\u00eb rinjve q\u00eb po hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs po ulet. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb edhe numri i personave n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune po sh\u00ebnon ulje. N\u00ebse shifrave t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme do t\u2019i shtojn\u00eb edhe numrin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve (sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare t\u00eb statistikave, pothuajse 200,000 persona t\u00eb larguar nga viti 2009 deri n\u00eb 2017), prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 47% i takojn\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebs midis 25 dhe 44 vje\u00e7, hendeku i munges\u00ebs s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore do t\u00eb rritej. Pik\u00ebrisht pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e huaj pritet ta ngushtojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hendek.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ndikimi global<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edhe pse shum\u00eb pak mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb ata q\u00eb do ta mohonin domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e Kroacis\u00eb p\u00ebr import t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb huaj, polemikat kund\u00ebr Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Marrakeshit mbi emigracionin e ligjsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb kontrolluar jan\u00eb duke u shtuar. Kroacia ka liberalizuar pa kurrfar\u00eb pengese emigracionin, gj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb sjell nd\u00ebr mend edhe fushat\u00ebn kund\u00ebr Konvent\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit. N\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj linje \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht Presidentja e vendit, Kolinda Grabar Kitarovi\u0107.<\/p>\n

Teksa n\u00eb fillim ajo u duk optimiste dhe shprehu mb\u00ebshtetjen entuziaste p\u00ebr Konvent\u00ebn e Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara t\u00eb Sekretarit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, Ant\u00f3nio Guterres, ajo u t\u00ebrhoq shpejt nga ky q\u00ebndrim dhe vendosi t\u00eb mos marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Marr\u00ebveshjen e Marrakeshit, q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar. Ajo shfryt\u00ebzoi edhe intervist\u00ebn e dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb prej prezantuesve t\u00eb njohur, Velimir Bujanec, p\u00ebr t\u00eb theksuar edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb q\u00ebndrimin e saj kund\u00ebr k\u00ebsaj Marr\u00ebveshjeje.<\/p>\n

SERBIA P\u00cbRPIQET T\u00cb NDALOJ\u00cb R\u00cbNIEN E NUMRIT T\u00cb POPULLSIS\u00cb Q\u00cb PO E D\u00cbMTON R\u00cbND\u00cb BALLKANIN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sfida e ministrit serb t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs, Zoran Djordjevic \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb ndal\u00eb r\u00ebnien e numrit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb tkurrur me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5% gjat\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit, shkruan Gordana Filipovic, gazetare e Bloomberg-ut n\u00eb Serbi.
\nZ. Djordjevic po p\u00ebrballet me pengesa t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta si ato n\u00eb \u00e7do vend tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Rajonit t\u00eb Ballkanit, si nivelet relativisht t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb pagave, papun\u00ebsia e lart\u00eb dhe vende pune t\u00eb paguara m\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb shtetet fqinje t\u00eb Bashkimit Europian, shkruhet n\u00eb bloomberg.com.<\/p>\n

Ai ka pun\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb ekip ekonomist\u00ebsh dhe statisticien\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt drejtohen nga nj\u00eb ekspert i \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb emigracionit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar nj\u00eb nga problemet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha ekonomike dhe demografike n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. N\u00ebse do t\u00eb ket\u00eb sukses, plani do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e q\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, do t\u00eb rris\u00eb investimet e huaja n\u00eb vend dhe ndoshta do t\u00eb realizoj\u00eb edhe planin e Presidentit Aleksandar Vu\u00e7i\u00e7 p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb Serbin\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e ardhshme, deklaroi Zyra e Shtypit e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00ebto jan\u00eb arm\u00ebt q\u00eb ne mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim\u201d, tha ish-ekzekutivi financiar dhe dikur minist\u00ebr i Mbrojtjes, 49-vje\u00e7ari, Djordjevic. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ne do t\u00eb bashkohemi me BE-n\u00eb, duam q\u00eb Serbia t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb prej shteteve q\u00eb t\u00eb renditen diku n\u00eb mes, nd\u00ebrsa emigrimi t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera. Serbia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. Shqip\u00ebria fqinje, Bosnj\u00eb dhe Hercegovina, Maqedonia e Veriut dhe Mali i Zi po k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb gjithashtu t\u00eb b\u00ebhen pjes\u00eb e BE-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u201cKampion i bot\u00ebs\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sipas nj\u00eb raporti t\u00eb Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Bashk\u00ebpunim dhe Zhvillim Ekonomik, rreth 60% e 415,000 serb\u00ebve q\u00eb u larguan nga shteti i tyre gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs 2007-2016, emigruan n\u00eb Gjermani. Niveli i papun\u00ebsis\u00eb tejkaloi 11% n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar. Megjithat\u00eb, rritja ekonomike vjetore prej 3.5% n\u00eb tremujorin e kat\u00ebrt \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shif\u00ebr m\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me at\u00eb t\u00eb 2017, si dhe investimet direkte prej 1.4 miliard\u00eb eurosh (1.6 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh) nga mesi i vitit t\u00eb kaluar duket se po ecin n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb rritje.<\/p>\n

Plani i Djordjevic \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb largimin e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve nga Serbia dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb fabrika, nj\u00eb strategji kjo q\u00eb ka ndikuar pozitivisht dhe ka ndihmuar shtete si Hungaria, Sllovakia, Republika \u00c7eke dhe Polonia. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, ministri serb i Pun\u00ebs tha se vendi nuk duhet t\u2019u kushtoj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb modeli bazuar n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e lir\u00eb, por edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb profesionist\u00ebve t\u00eb kualifikuar. \u201cIdeja jon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb Serbia t\u00eb jet\u00eb ndryshe\u201d, tha n\u00eb fund ministri Djordjevic.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vendet e Ballkanit po p\u00ebrballen me munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore si rrjedhoj\u00eb e emigracinit dhe plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. Kroacia po k\u00ebrkon punonj\u00ebs nga fqinj\u00ebt, Serbia po mendon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zgjidhje afatgjat\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa politika shqiptare nuk duket se po e merr seriozisht k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen\u2026 R\u00ebnia e lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, rritja e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, emigrimi, jan\u00eb disa nga faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2013,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[241,2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-75432","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-aktualitet","7":"category-rajoni"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2013"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75432"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75432\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zjarr.tv\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}